Journal: Bioengineering

Article Title: Multiphotonic Ablation and Electro-Capacitive Effects Exhibited by Candida albicans Biofilms

doi: 10.3390/bioengineering11040333

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) Brightfield microscopy of C. albicans in vitro biofilm; ( b ) fungal cell wall α-D-mannosyl residues labeled with Concanavalin A stain, observed by epifluorescence microscopy; ( c ) biofilm architecture observed by scanning electron microscopy. In all cases, in vitro biofilm was started with an inoculum of 1 × 10 6 blastoconidia/mL and was incubated at 37 °C for 24 h.

Article Snippet: For brightfield microscopy, a vitro biofilm was placed over sterile glass coverslips in the bottom of a 12-well polystyrene plate and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. After incubation, culture media were discarded, and the studied biofilm was washed twice with PBS 1X, coverslip, recovered, and observed in brightfield microscopy (Primo Star, Carl Zeiss, Jena, Germany).

Techniques: Microscopy, In Vitro, Labeling, Staining, Epifluorescence Microscopy, Electron Microscopy, Incubation

Journal: Biology Open

Article Title: Basal constriction during midbrain–hindbrain boundary morphogenesis is mediated by Wnt5b and focal adhesion kinase

doi: 10.1242/bio.034520

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fak is required at the MHB for basal constriction. (A–D) Wild-type embryos stained with anti-phospho-Fak Y397 antibody and imaged by scanning confocal microscopy. (A,B) phospho-Fak Y397 is localized at the basal and apical sides of the neural tube at 18 and 24 ss. (C) Activated Fak is enriched at the MHBC at prim-6. (D) Phospho-Fak Y397 is localized to somite boundaries at prim-6. (E–G′) Live confocal images of embryos co-injected with mGFP and control MO (E,E′), fak MO (F,F′), or fak MO+ FAK Y397E mRNA (G,G′). (E′–G′) Magnifications of individual cells outlined at the MHBC. (H) Schematic for fak caged MO experiments. (1.) One-cell stage wild-type embryos were co-injected with mGFP and photoconvertable Kaede mRNA and either control MO or cyclic fak MO. (2.) Cyclic fak MO was uncaged at 16 ss by UV activation. (3.) Embryos were incubated until prim-6 and then imaged using brightfield, fluorescence, and live scanning confocal microscopy. (I–J′) Gross morphology using brightfield imaging (I,J) and corresponding fluorescent (I′,J′) images of embryos injected with control MO (I,I′) or photoactivatable fak MO (J,J′) after UV photoconversion. (K–L′) Live confocal images showing the MHB region of prim-6 embryos after photoconversion. (K′,L′) Magnifications of the neuroepithelium shown in K and L with individual cells outlined at the MHBC. ( n >6). Anterior is to the left in all images. Arrowheads indicate MHBC. M, midbrain; H, hindbrain. Scale bars: A–C=20 µm. E–G′=50 µm.

Article Snippet: Live imaging of whole embryos was conducted using brightfield and fluorescent microscopy (SteREO Disvovery.V8, Zeiss).

Techniques: Staining, Confocal Microscopy, Injection, Control, Activation Assay, Incubation, Fluorescence, Imaging

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Tendon mechanical properties are enhanced via recombinant lysyl oxidase treatment

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.945639

Figure Lengend Snippet: Collagen maturity of HH40 and HH43 tendon explants was not affected by rLOX treatment. (A,B) Representative brightfield and polarized microscopy images of PSR-stained HH40 (A) and HH43 (B) tendons that were treated with rLOX and Ctrl treatments. (C,D) Collagen content did not change with rLOX treatments in both HH40 (C) and HH43 (D) tendons. (E–J) Percentages of immature (green), intermediate (yellow), and mature (red) collagen did not change with rLOX treatments. (E,F) The percentage of immature collagen was not affected by rLOX treatments in both HH40 (E) and HH43 (F) tendons. (G,H) The percentage of intermediate collagen was not affected by rLOX treatments in both HH40 (G) and HH43 (H) tendons. (I,J) The percentage of mature collagen was not affected by rLOX treatments in both HH40 (I) and HH43 (J) tendons. Statistically significant differences were determined by Student t -test with p < 0.05. n = 5 per stage and treatment group.

Article Snippet: Tendon sections were stained with PSR and imaged using brightfield and polarized light microscopy (20X objective, ZEISS Axio Scan, Germany).

Techniques: Microscopy, Staining